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Meet the Pros
 
SCBWI France publishes interviews both in the SCBWI France Expression newsletter and on-line. These interviews offer an insider's view of the international children’s publishing market.
 
Meet the Illustrator: Barbara McClintock
Barbara McClintock
An illustrator based in New York Barbara McClintock’s books have won numerous awards and are published internationally. An exhibitor at the SCBWI Mona Bismarck Foundation show (Sept-Oct 2004), she will also be speaker at the SCBWI France event in Paris in October 2004

Expression: Can you tell us in a little about your childhood? What was it that drew you to writing and illustrating for children?
BM: I was born in Clinton, New Jersey, and spent my early childhood there. I moved to North Dakota when I was nine. I always loved to draw, and loved telling stories. There wasn’t really a moment of revelation when I thought I wanted to become an artist or storyteller...these were just things I did from early childhood.

Expression: Was there a particular drawing/book/illustrator that you remember being particularly affected by when you were a child?
BM: Actually, three influences stand out among many...the Little Bear books by Else Holmelund Minarik and Maurice Sendak, a version of Aesops Fables illustrated by Milo Winter, and the cartoon and comic book character Top Cat.

Expression: Can you recall the first picture you did that you were really pleased with?
BM: Yes -- it was a series of circles that I drew in crayon, with two crayons in different colors, one in each hand, as I lay on the kitchen floor. I think the drawing looked like a very long slinky. I was probably two and a half or so.

Expression: What is your favorite medium to work in? Why?
BM: Pen and ink and watercolor. I love the precision and crispness of line that pen and ink produces, and the transparent luminosity of watercolor.

Expression: Can you tell us a little about how you developed your distinctive and intricate drawing technique?
BM: When I was in college, I discovered the woodcuts of Albrecht Durer. I spent hours in the library copying his woodcuts, which was a great way to learn line drawing techniques. I later discovered the works of Grandville, Gustave Dore, and Daumier, and copied them, too. I gravitate toward 18th and 19th century drawing and artists.

Expression: What kinds of things prompt a new idea for one of your own books?
BM: Overheard conversations, things I read, and memories of experiences and people important to me as a child.

Expression: Which of your books presented the biggest challenge to create? Why?
BM: The most difficult book was The Heartaches of a French Cat, because it was the first I’d both written and illustrated. It was rejected by 15 publishers. I’d send it out, get it back with a polite and in many cases supportive rejection letter, and put it away for months until I worked up the nerve to send it out again. It took eight years until I finally found a publisher who said yes, and that was David R. Godine. Heartaches went on to win my first New York Times Ten Best Books award.

Expression: What do you most enjoy about writing and illustrating books for children? What aspect do you find the most difficult?
BM: I love becoming involved in the world of the book I’m doing ... I go right in, like Alice down the rabbit hole. I enjoy doing research, finding the right pacing and voice in my writing, developing characters, devising color schemes and costumes. The difficult aspect is time. My drawing style is very intricate and time consuming. I’m a single mom, and I want
to be there for my son, so it’s been a tremendous balancing act .

Expression: Which of your books are you proudest of? Why?
BM: The Heartaches of a French Cat, The Battle of Luke and Longnose, The Fantastic Drawings of Danielle, and Dahlia. They are all autobiographical, and yet they seem to touch on issues that mean something to the children who read them. (Was I ever a cat?! Hmm... ) Luke and Longnose was based on my son’s play when he was little... he posed for Luke, the young hero, and I think of him whenever I look at that book.

Expression: How, if at all, have your relationships with publishers influenced your work over the years?
BM: Quite a bit. Scholastic has encouraged me to do books that are really appropriate for young children -- simple, exuberant, straightforward. With FSG, I’ve found an inner elegance, and trust in myself as a writer, thanks to Frances Foster.

Expression: Are you aware of any new publishing constraints in an increasingly competitive market?
BM: Covers are always an important issue for Scholastic -- bold, appealing covers that are a strong spokesman for the book. I think it is more and more important to be true to oneself in writing and illustrating...there might be a temptation to play to an imagined commercial market, but an original voice always stands out and is needed.

Expression: Are there any artists /book designers/ illustrators/ authors whose work you'd like to single out for any reason?
BM: Some favorites are Maurice Sendak, Peter Sis, David Johnson, Helen Oxenbury, Charlotte Voake, Louise Fili, Art Spiegelman, Francoise Mouly, Edward Ardizzone, and Robert Louis Stevenson.

Expression: What do have up on the walls of your studio?
BM: Birthday cards my son has drawn for me, postcards of paintings I love like Bruegels’ "Hunters In The Snow," sketches of characters I’m developing for current book projects, pictures of dresses and costumes from magazines, photos of family and of my two cats, Kato and Pip.

Expression: If you could write your own entry in the Best Ever Guide to Children's Literature and Illustration what would you like it to say?
BM: I’d like it to impress how deeply I love what I do, and how important books and art are to me.

Expression: Have you ever had a particularly good or bad review that has affected the way you worked on your next project? Do you have any advice for writers and illustrators reading reviews of their work?
BM: I once used a pencil line rather than my usual pen and ink line in a book, and met with a less than enthusiastic response. I realized that the softer line didn’t convey the usual energy and strength in my drawings, and I was concerned that the gestures and characterizations that I’d wanted to carry the story had been missed because of my experimental technique. I chose to put my pencil technique aside until I found the perfect story vehicle for a gentler style. I have friends who have gotten devastating reviews... I think that one has to look at what’s behind the review, and make your own judgment about what to do with it.

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